History Conference Asia Africa

The end of World War II in August 1945, does not mean the end of hostilities is also the situation among the nations of the world and create peace and security. Apparently in some parts of the world, especially Asia Africa hemisphere, there are still problems and new problems arise that lead to new problems that resulted in the ongoing hostilities, even at the level of open warfare, as in the Korean Peninsula, Indo China, Palestine, South Africa, Africa north.

These problems are partly caused by the birth of two opposing power blocs in ideology and interests, namely the West Block and West Block Timur.Blok led by the United States and the Eastern Bloc led by the Soviet Union. Each block trying to draw the countries of Asia and Africa in order to support them. This is his life and even mengakibatnkan still growing atmosphere of veiled hostility between the two blocks, and supporters. The atmosphere of hostility is known as the "Cold War".

Due to the onset of turbulence in the world are still the rule in our earth, particularly in parts of Asia and Africa. Indeed, before 1945, in general the world Asia and Africa are the colonies of Western nations in various forms. But since 1945, many in Asia and Africa became an independent country and many are still struggling for the independence of their nation and people such as Algeria, Tunisia, and Morocco in North Africa; Vietnam in Indo China, and at the southern tip of Africa. Some Asian and African countries that are free are still many problems that face the rest of the occupation of West Papua as Indonesia, India and Pakistan have been displaced because their land was forcibly occupied by Israeli forces in the Bantu by the United States.

Meanwhile, the nations of the world, especially the nations of Asia and Africa, are being hit by concerns due to increasing development of nuclear weapons that could destroy mankind. The situation in Asia in several African countries which are now independent and still there is a conflict between communities as a result of the colonial period (divide et impera politics) and the cold war between the blocks world.

Although at that time there has been an international body that is the United Nations (UN), which functions to handle world affairs, but in fact this body has not managed to resolve the issue. While the fact, akibtan posed by these problems, most suffered by the nations of Asia and Africa.

State that lies behind the birth of the idea to hold the Asian-African Conference.

The birth of the IDE CONFERENCE

Indonesia Government Statement on foreign policy delivered by Prime Minister Mr.Ali Sastroamidjojo, in front of parliament on August 25, 1953, stated;

"Cooperation in the class of Arab Asian countries (Africa) Our view is important, because we are confident that the close cooperation of these countries will certainly strengthen efforts towards a lasting world peace. Cooperation between countries of Asia and Africa are true according to the rules of the United Nations (UN) who enjoyed regional cooperation (regional arrangements). Other than that these countries generally do have the same positions in some of the questions in the international field, so have the same basic (commonground) to convene a special class. Of the reasons that such cooperation will continue and strengthens us. "

The statement reflects the ideas and the will of the Government of Indonesia to strengthen cooperation among countries of Asia and Africa.

In early 1954, Prime Minister of Ceylon (Sri Lanka) Sir John Kotelawala invited the Prime Minister of Burma (U Nu), India (Jawaharlal Nehru), Indonesia (Ali Sastroamidjojo), and Pakistan (Mohammed Ali) with the intention of holding an informal meeting in the country. The invitation was accepted well by all state government leaders are invited.

The meeting was then called the Colombo Conference was held on April 28 to May 2, 1954. This conference discussed issues of common interest.

Which attracted the attention of the conference participants, including the statement submitted by the Prime Minister of Indonesia:

"Where do we stand now, we the peoples of Asia, in this world of ours to day?" ("Where are we now stand, the peoples of Asia are in the midst of global competition?"), Then answered his own statement by saying :

"We have noe indeed at the cross-roads of the historyof mankind. It is therefore That We Prime Minister of five Asian countries are meeting here to discuss crucial problems whice Those urge Indonesia to Propose That another conference be convened wide3r in scope, between the African and Asian Nations. I am convined That the problems are not only convened to the Asian countries represented here but also are of equal importance to the African and other Asian countries ".

(We are now sejatah mankind were in-roads. Therefore our Prime Minister Five Asian countries met here to discuss crucial issues being faced by the communities we represent. There are some things that encourage Indonesia to propose to hold a meeting other, more widely, among the countries of Africa and Asia. I believe that these problems do not occur only in the Asian countries represented here, but also just as important for African countries and Asian countries ").

The statement gave way to the birth of the Asian-African Conference.

Furthermore, about the need for Asian-African Conference was held, also proposed by Indonesia in the next session. The proposal was eventually accepted by all the conferences, although still in an atmosphere of doubt.

Prime Minister of Indonesia went to Colombo to meet the invitation of Prime Minister of Sri Lanka by bringing the results of the formulation ingredients Government of Indonesia. The material is the result of department heads meeting representatives Indonesia in the countries of Asia and Africa, led by Foreign Minister Mr.Sunario. meeting was held at the memorial service (Bogor) on 9 As of March 22, 1954.

Finally, in a joint statement at the end of the Colombo Conference, stated that the Prime Minister mkembicarakan conference participants will hold a conference for Asian and African countries and agreed to the suggestion that the Prime Minister of Indonesia can track up to where the possibility of such conferences.

PREPARATION OF-BUSINESS CONFERENCE

Colombo Conference Indonesia has been commissioned to track the possibility for the holding of the Asian-African Conference. In order to accomplish that task to approach the Government of Indonesia through diplomatic channels to 18 countries in Asia and Africa. That is, to know how far the opinion of those countries terhada Asian-African Conference held ideas. In this approach konferense dijelasakan that the main purpose is to discuss the common interests of the peoples of Asia Africa at the time, encourage the creation of world peace and promoting Indonesia as a conference venue. It turned out that in general the countries contacted welcomed the idea and agreed to Indonesia as the host, although in terms of time and there are a variety of conference attendees a different opinion.

On August 18, 1954, Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru of India, through a letter, reminding the Prime Minister of Indonesia on the development of today's world situation is increasingly serious, with respect to the proposal to hold the Asian-African Conference. Indeed, Prime Minister of India to accept the proposal was accompanied by doubts about whether or not the proposal successfully implemented. It was only after the visit of Prime Minister of Indonesia on 25 September 1954, he was convinced of the importance of such a conference, as reflected in a joint statement at the end of the visit Perdan Minister of Indonesia:

"The prime reprensentatives Discussed also the proposal to have a conference of representatives of Asians and African countries and were Agreed That a conference of this kind was desirble and be helpful in promoting world. Is should be held at an early date ".

("The Prime Minister had discussed the proposal to convene a conference representing the countries of Asia and Africa as well as agree to a conference like this is needed and will help create peace as well as a joint approach to the problem (faced). This conference should be held as soon as possible" ).

Similar belief is also expressed by Prime Minister U Nu of Burma on 28 September 1954.

Thus, the efforts of an investigation into the possibility of convening the Conference Asia and Africa is considered completed successfully and the next attempt is to prepare for the conference.

Indonesia at the invitation of Prime Minister, the Minister of participants Perdan Colombo Conference (Burma, Ceylon, India, Indonesia, and Pakistan) Conference held in Bogor on December 28 and December 29, 1954, known as Panca State Conference. The conference discussed the preparation of Asian-African Conference.

Bogor Conference succeeded in formulating an agreement that the Asian-African Conference was held on the common organization of the five participating countries and the conference became a sponsor. Invitation to the participating countries presented by the Government of Indonesia on behalf of the five countries.

PURPOSE OF THE CONFERENCE

Bogor Conference produced 4 main objectives, namely the Asian-African Conference:

A. To promote goodwill (wills are sublime), and cooperation among the nations of Asia and Africa, to explore and advance their interests, whether successive or replace the joint, as well as to create and promote friendship and good neighborly relationship.

2. To consider the issues and relationships in the field of social, economic, and cultural represented the State.

3. To consider matters of special importance that the nations of Asia and Africa, for example, the questions concerning national sovereignty and about the problems of racism and colonialism.

4. To review the status of Asia and Africa, as well as people-people in dunis today and the contributions they can make to promote world peace and cooperation.

CONFERENCE PARTICIPANTS AND TIME

Countries that were invited agreed number 25 negara.yaitu: Afghanistan, Cambodia, Central African Federation, People's Republic of China (China), Egypt, Ethiopia, Gold Coast (Gold Coast), Iran, Iraq, Japan, Jordan, Laos, Lebanon, Liberia, Libya, Nepal, Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Syria, Thailand (Muang Thai), Turkey, the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam), South Vietnam, and Yemen. Conference time is set at the last week of April 1995.

Given that countries will be invited to have foreign policy as well as political and social system of different-beda.Konferensi Bogor determines that accepting the invitation to participate in the Asia-Africa conference does not mean that the State Party will be changed or considered changing his stance on the status of state- lain.Konferensi countries also uphold the principle that form of government or way of living things once in a while the state will not be interfered with by the conference is to be the main lain.Maksud participating countries to know each other over their respective stance

KAA OF 1955

Pension Fund is prepared as a building where the sessions of the Conference. Homann Hotel, Hotel Preanger, and 12 (twelve) other hotel and housing of individuals and the government is prepared as well as a place to stay for the guests, amounting to 1300 people.

Transport needs are served by 143 cars, 30 taxis, 20 buses, with a number of 230 drivers and 350 tons of gasoline per day and 175 tons of fuel reserves.

The opportunity to check the final preparations for London on April 17, 1955, President Sukarno of Indonesia inaugurated the change of name to Concordia House Building Independence, Pension Fund Building a House Dwi colors, and some Eastern Highway into Jalan Asia Afrika. Change of name was intended to further enliven the conference and to create a conference in accordance with the aims of the conference.

On January 15, 1955, letter of invitation was sent to Asia-Africa Conference of Heads of Government 25 (twenty five) countries in Asia and Africa. From around the country who were invited only one country that refuses the invitation, the Federation of Central Africa (Central African Federation), because the country is still controlled by former colonial people. Whereas 24 (twenty four) other countries accepted the invitation, although at first there are countries that are still in doubt. Most of the delegates arrived at the Bandung conference participants through Jakarta on April 16, 1955.

In a final communique stated that the recent Asia-Africa Conference recommends organizers suggested that the five countries considered for the next meeting of this conference, to ask the opinion of other countries pesreta. But the effort to hold the second Asia-Africa Conference sesalu having a difficult obstacle to overcome. When the business was nearly realized (1964), all of a sudden in the host country (Algeria) a change of government, so that the conference was finished.

Asian-African Conference in Bandung, has managed to seek unity and cooperation among countries of Asia and Africa, both in dealing with international issues and problems regiobal. A similar conference for certain circles in Asia and Africa also held several lkali, such as Asia Journalists Conference of African, Asian and African Islamic Conference, the Conference of Asia Author Africa, Asia and Africa Students Conference.

Conference of Asia and Africa have been burning zeal to add moral force fighters da Asian nations of Africa at that time struggling for the independence of their homeland, thus was born a number of independent states and the continent of Asia and Africa. All this indicates that the CIAT-ideals and spirit of the Ten Bandung Siala penetrate into the body of nations Aia and Africa.

Bandung spirit with Dasa principles are already changing the world view of international relations. Bandung has spawned schools of the Third World or "Non-Aligned" on his first world both Washington and Moscow World Bandung Java has changed the structure of the United Nations (UN). UN forum is no longer the exclusive forum East and West.

In closing this brief description, the last quoted closing speech Asuia Africa Conference Chair as follows: "May we continue on the way we have taken together and the Bandung Conference may stay as a beacom guiding the future progress of Asia and Africa"

("Hopefully we can continue our journey on the path we have chosen together and hopefully this Bandung Conference remains upright as a beacon to guide the future progress of Asia and Africa")

ASIA AFRICA CONFERENCE FINAL COMMUNIQUE

Asian-African Conference convened in London from July 18 to 24 April 1955, at the invitation of the Prime Minister of Burma, Ceylon, India, Indonesia, and Pakistan. Unless the state sponsors, the conference was also attended by 24 countries as follows:

A. Cambodia
2. People's Republic of China
3. Ethiopia
4. Gold Coast
5. Iran
6. Iraq
7. Japan
8. Jordan
9. Laos
10. Lebanon
11. Liberia
12. Libya
13. Nepal
14. Philippines
15. Saudi Arabia
16. Sudan
17. Syrians
18. Thailand
19. Turkey
20. Democratic Republic of Viet-Nam
21. South Viet-nam
22. Yemen
23. Afghanistan
24. Egypt

Asia-Africa conference discuss issues of concern and interest with the countries of Asia and Africa and discussed ways and measures so that their people can achieve economic cooperation, culture, and politics more closely.

A. ECONOMIC COOPERATION
2. CULTURAL COOPERATION
3. HUMAN RIGHTS AND THE RIGHTS OF DETERMINING THEIR OWN FATE
4. PROBLEM OF THE PEOPLE-not free
5. OTHER ISSUES
6. IMPROVEMENT OF WORLD PEACE AND COOPERATION
7. DECLARATION ON THE IMPROVEMENT OF WORLD PEACE AND COOPERATION

Asian-African Conference declared his belief, that the harmony of cooperation in accordance with these principles will contribute to the maintenance and enhancement berhasilguna international peace and security, is working in the field of economic, social and culture will help to promote the welfare and prosperity of all.

Asian-African Conference recommended that the five state sponsor thinking of organizing the next conference, after consultation with the participating countries.